S'emploie pour une action répétée, habituelle, toujours vraie.
1st person singular
I speak French. I have lunch at 12. I go to school.
Do I need a passport? Ai-je besoin d'un passeport?
I don't speak Russian. Je ne parle pas russe. don't = do not
2nd person singular
You drive fast! Tu conduis vite! (Pas en ce moment, mais en général).
Do you speak English? Do you like beer?
You don't speak French very well.
S 3è. pers. sg
3rd person singular
He speaks French. She speaks French. It speaks French. My cousin lives in Saint-Denis.
Does he live in San Francisco? Does she go to London every week? Does it cost a lot? Est-ce que ça coûte cher? DoesPresident Obama live in New York?
He doesn'tlive in San Francisco. She doesn'tgo to London every week. It doesn'tcost a fortune. President Obamadoesn't live in New York. doesn't = does not
1st person plural
We speak French.
Do we need to go? Devons-nous y aller?
2nd person plural
You speak French.
Do you all want to go to Bordeaux? Vous voulez tous aller à Bordeaux?
3rd person plural
They like litchis. My brothers play rugby.
Do they like carrots? Do rabbits like tomatoes? Est-ce que les lapins aiment les tomates?
Present continuous présent forme progressive
TO BE + —ing
am is are
S'emploie pour une action commencée, non terminée, sans indication de durée.
I'm doing English exercises. I'm= I am You're making fun of me! You're = You are Tu te moques de moi ! He's reading the news on his iPad. He's = He is Il est en train de lire les nouvelles sur son iPad. We’re experiencing a climate crisis. We’re = We are You’re all having problems with your computers.You’re = You are Many people in Africa are starving. Beaucoup de gens en Afrique ont faim. They’re calling for help. Ils appellent à l’aide. They’re = They are
Are you talking serioulsy? Tu parles sérieusement là?
Is your mother working on her report? Ta mère est-elle en train de travailler à son rapport?
Are you coming with us? Vous venez avec nous?
I'm not kidding. Je ne plaisante pas. You aren't listening! Tu n'écoutes pas ! She isn't talking about you. isn't = is not Elle ne parle pas de toi. We aren't going with you. Nous n'allons pas avec vous. They aren't doing anything. aren't = are not Il ne font rien.
Present perfect continuous
have/has 3è.pers. sg. + been —ing
S'emploie pour une action commencée, non terminée, avec indication de durée.
I've been living in Saint-Pierre for thirteen years. J'habite Saint-Pierre depuis 13 ans. et nonpas j'ai habité
Have you been living in Saint-Pierre for a long time?
He hasn't been listening to Death Metal since 1990. Il n'écoute pas Death Metal depuis 1990.
Present perfect simple
have /has 3è. pers. sg. + participe passé
S'emploie pour une action passée non datée.
I have seen this film. You have worked hard! He has cut his finger. Il s'est coupé le doigt. My father has bought a new car. They have prepared a few sandwiches.
Have you visited the United States yet? Has President Obama signed the new bill yet? Est-ce que le Président Obama a déjà signé la loi?
Have they finished their homework?
He hasn't signed the bill yet.
They haven't finished their homework.
Simple past le passé, le prétérit
——ed ! Verbes irréguliers to take I took taken prendre J’ai pris pris
S'emploie pour une action passé dont on connaît la date. La date est indiquée, ou connue de celui qui parle.
Les verbes réguliers prennent -ed au simple past.
I visited Paris two years ago.
My mother bought a new car last year.
We went to Mauritius for Easter. Nous sommes allés à Maurice pour Pâques.
Did you like the party last week? Tu as aimé la fête la semaine dernière?
Did you and your family spend a pleasant time in Mauritius last summer? Toi et ta famille vous avez passé du bon temps à Maurice l'été dernier?
I didn't visit the Effel Tower when I was in Paris. Je n'ai pas visité la Tour Eiffel quand j'étais à Paris. They didn't buy any souvenirs during their visit in Mauritius. Ils n'ont pas acheté de souvenirs pendant leur visite à Maurice. didn't = did not
Past continuous Prétérit forme progressive TO BE au passé
WAS sg.
WERE pl.
+ vb. -ing
S’emploie pour une action en train de se dérouler dans le passé quand une autre eu lieu.
I was doing my homework when my mother called me last night. You were speaking English when Mr JODA walked by, last week. My father was watching TV when I arrived last Saturday. We were working hard when Mr JODA walked by last week.
Were you doing your homework when your mother called you last night?
I wasn’t doing my homework when my mother called me last night. You weren’t speaking French when Mr JODA walked by, last week. My father wasn’t watching TV when I arrived last Saturday. We weren’t fiddling when Mr JODA walked by last week. (to fiddle "ne rien faire")